neoplasia
Longmire classification of extrahepatic biliary system
Longmire classification was published in 1973. It divides extrahepatic biliary system into three sections with respect to spread, surgical approach and symptoms caused by primary tumours.
| Upper third | right and left hepatic duct, bifurcation, common hepatic duct |
|---|---|
| Middle third | common bile duct from the cystic duct to pancreas |
| Lower third | intrapancreatic part of the common bile duct |
Updated 13/8/2013 18:11 by Lambert
WHO grading of astrocytomas
The WHO grading system is currently most widely used for grading of astrocytomas. The last revision was published in 2007. It has four cathegories.
| Grade | Description | Types |
|---|---|---|
| Grade I | slow growing, benign, localised | pilocytic astrocytoma, xanthoastrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, subependymoma |
| Grade II | low grade, infiltrative, slow-growing | low-grade (fibrillary) astrocytoma, mixed oligoastrocytoma |
Updated 9/8/2013 09:30 by Lambert
Kernohan grading of astrocytomas
The Kernohan grading system was fist described in 1949 and is no longer used. It was replaced by the WHO grading system.
| Grade | Description |
|---|---|
| Grade 1 | benign astrocytoma |
| Grade 2 | low-grade astrocytoma |
| Grade 3 | anaplastic astrocytoma |
| Grade 4 | glioblastoma |
References:
Updated 10/8/2013 21:24 by Lambert
